DOI
https://doi.org/10.25772/NE50-8250
Defense Date
2011
Document Type
Dissertation
Degree Name
Doctor of Philosophy
Department
Health Related Sciences
First Advisor
Jefferey Legg
Abstract
ABSTRACT SCREENING PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN EFFECTS ON RACIAL DISPARATE MORTALITY: A PROPENSITY SCORE ANALYSIS By R. David McNally, Ph.D., M.S.H.A. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Virginia Commonwealth University. Virginia Commonwealth University, 2011 Dissertation Chair: Jeffrey S. Legg, Ph.D., Associate Professor and Chair, Doctoral Program in Health Related Sciences Department of Radiation Sciences Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among men in the United States. It is frequently cited that racial disparities in mortality between Caucasian and African American men with localized prostate cancer exist. In addition, the question of whether prostate cancer screening with the prostate specific antigen blood test (PSA) leads to reduced mortality remains unanswered. Outcomes theory and survival analysis have shown controversial inconsistencies in support of early detection methods for prostate cancer to the extent that experts in the medical community do not agree on best-practice guidelines suggestive of eliminating such disparities and reducing mortality. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between screening PSA tests and racial differences in mortality among Caucasian and African American men with application of a propensity scoring analysis on a large population-based data set. Prostate cancer patients diagnosed from January 1, 1986 through December 31, 2006 (n = 515,802 cases) from the SEER-17 data set linked to Medicare claims files were included. A separate analysis using a 5% randomized group of over 263,000 men without prostate cancer was also examined. The results demonstrated that no statistically significant differences in mortality between Caucasians and African Americans in the prostate cancer group existed (p=0.993). Further, the same result was found among men from the 5% randomized group without prostate cancer (p= 0.832), that no statistically significant difference exists for this study population when using a propensity scoring analysis and a conditional Cox regression model. From both analyses, no survival benefit was found for screened men versus non-screened men when using the PSA test for early detection. In addition, because age is a well-known predictor of death, a separate analysis was performed on age-matched men. The results for the age analysis also demonstrated no statistically significant differences in racial mortality or whether screening PSA reduced mortality after applying a propensity scoring analysis to a conditional Cox regression model. In conclusion, it is believed that using a propensity scoring method and Cox regression analysis improved the evaluation of this large population data set where censoring for survival time was important and where matched pairs were utilized. Further work in health services research using large population-based data sets should be pursued and incorporating Cox regression with a propensity analysis can be helpful.
Rights
© The Author
Is Part Of
VCU University Archives
Is Part Of
VCU Theses and Dissertations
Date of Submission
May 2011