DOI

https://doi.org/10.25772/9TZB-7S90

Author ORCID Identifier

orcid.org/0000-0001-7398-7764

Defense Date

2017

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science

Department

Physiology and Biophysics

First Advisor

John R. Grider, PH.D.

Second Advisor

Srinivasa M. Karnam, PH.D.

Abstract

The regulation of glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY hormone levels are regulated based on different influential factors, but primarily levels are dependent upon ingested food content. As meals today become more fat-enriched, there is greater requirement for evaluation of these hormones that regulate insulin and satiety levels within the body. We have shown that the gene expression transcript production of glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY are modulated by different concentrations, and times of short-chain fatty acids and long-chain fatty acids. Although the peptide hormone levels have the influential physiological role on effector tissue, the regulation of these hormones begins at the transcript levels. Recent research indicates that glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY hormones are altered in response to different free-fatty acids. The present investigation generally demonstrated an overall decrease in both hormones after chronic exposure to fatty acids. Intestinal secretin tumor cell line (STC-1 cells) was used as a representative for intestinal L-cells. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis was used to determine the changes in RNA transcripts. Overall, there was a decrease in the 3-hour timeline, which continued to decrease in the 16-hour and 24-hour timelines for glucagon-like peptide-1. Peptide YY transcript expression in 3-hours increased significantly after exposure to propionate, a significant decrease after exposure to acetate, and no significant increase or decrease after exposure to butyrate. However, there was a significant decrease in peptide YY once reaching 24-hour exposure. It was determined there is a threshold for different concentrations of free-fatty acids to influence glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY production, which was present in the different concentrations of butyrate. Lastly, exposure to both concentrations of linolenic acid caused a significant decrease in glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY.

Rights

© Colin Catherman

Is Part Of

VCU University Archives

Is Part Of

VCU Theses and Dissertations

Date of Submission

5-11-2017

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