DOI
https://doi.org/10.25772/P2V4-0G83
Author ORCID Identifier
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6811-0615
Defense Date
2024
Document Type
Dissertation
Degree Name
Doctor of Philosophy
Department
Rehabilitation and Movement Science
First Advisor
Danielle Kirkman
Abstract
Introduction: Previous research determined that a Western-style meal acts as a stressor to the kidney and contributed to impaired blood pressure and vascular function. Despite an understanding of acute postprandial physiology in humans, studies have not investigated the impact of the time of day of meal consumption on physiology. Methods: Ten participants with elevated or stage-one hypertension underwent a randomized crossover trial with a controlled feeding intervention of a Western-style meal in the morning or the evening. Participants completed a run-in day to standardize diet followed by the experimental day. On day 2, participants completed ambulatory blood pressure, core temperature, sleep and physical activity monitoring, and urine collection. Participants returned to the lab the next day for a follow-up visit. Results: We observed that sodium excretion and proteinuria were elevated after the morning meal phase; however, after the evening meal phase, sodium excretion was not elevated, suggesting the potential for sodium storage overnight. We further observed an increase in blood pressure during the day on the morning meal phase. Following the evening meal challenge, blood pressure elevation was mitigated through protective sodium storage mechanisms. However, there was an increase in resting blood pressure the morning following the evening meal suggesting a delay in sodium excretion. Conclusions: Through this study, we provided additional evidence that a Western-style meal acts as a stressor to the kidney. Our findings suggest that a Western-style meal consumed in the evening may result in sodium storage that could have detrimental long-term effects on cardiovascular health.
Rights
© Natalie J. Bohmke
Is Part Of
VCU University Archives
Is Part Of
VCU Theses and Dissertations
Date of Submission
5-3-2024