DOI

https://doi.org/10.25772/GNYB-J060

Author ORCID Identifier

0000-0002-6162-5827

Defense Date

2024

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy

Department

Physical Therapy

First Advisor

Benjamin J Darter

Second Advisor

Sheryl Finucane

Third Advisor

Cody L McDonald

Fourth Advisor

Kirk W Brown

Fifth Advisor

Joseph B Webster

Abstract

The human hand is a powerful tool essential for performing a range of tasks from simple to complex, and it plays a crucial role in social interactions and environmental engagement. Upper limb (UL) loss disrupts these functions and significantly impacts daily life. Prosthetic devices can partially restore these abilities and improve quality of life, but they lack the intuitive control and sensory feedback of natural hands. Consequently, operating a UL prosthesis requires substantial attentional demands, a factor that potentially contributes to high rates of device dissatisfaction and disuse. For UL prosthesis users, managing attentional resources is critical to efficiently controlling their prosthetic devices. Despite its significance, the attentional demands of using a prosthesis are not well understood, nor is there sufficient insight into how these demands affect prosthesis control and rehabilitation.

Current assessments of attentional demands include both performance-based and patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures, with PRO measures personal experiences are incorporated into the items, which are crucial for clinicians to comprehend how users perceive their prostheses. However, existing tools are inadequate for UL prosthesis users, as they either do not apply to UL usage or lack psychometric rigor. To address this gap, this dissertation aimed to enhance an understanding of the prosthetic attention construct and develop candidate items through data collected from prosthesis users and clinical rehabilitation experts who treat those with limb loss.

Chapter 2 utilized focus group discussions with 25 UL prosthesis users of various levels of limb loss and experiences, and explored how users conceptualize prosthetic attention. The qualitative analysis from this chapter highlights thematic connections related to the reasons for paying attention, factors influencing the amount of attention, and the results of paying attention. UL prosthesis users also described various scenarios and activities where prosthetic attention helped them complete the task successfully, whereas some users described the negative consequences, such as frustration, related to prosthetic attention. Overall, the findings of this study guided the conceptualization of prosthetic attention in UL users.

Chapter 3 focused on developing candidate items to measure prosthetic attention. Using insights from a thorough literature review and the findings from Chapter 2, a comprehensive list of candidate items was generated describing different scenarios and activities where prosthetic attention was experienced by the users. A total of 844 candidate items were assessed and refined by the research team and two rounds of cognitive interviews conducted with 33 users of varying levels of experience with UL prosthesis use. The feedback from these interviews resulted in a final set of 77 candidate items appropriate for further testing in a large-scale survey.

Chapter 4 investigated how clinicians perceive and incorporate prosthetic attention in their practice while working with UL and lower limb users. Through semi-structured interviews conducted with 15 physical and occupational therapists, this chapter identified three main themes that highlight the importance of prosthetic attention, especially during initial stages of prosthesis use. This chapter also emphasized the current lack of outcome measures to evaluate this construct in clinical settings.

Together, these chapters provide crucial insights into the use of prosthetic devices among individuals with UL loss and underscore the need for subjective assessments to understand and improve prosthetic attention. The development of an item bank specific for measuring prosthetic attention has the potential to significantly enhance clinical decision-making and rehabilitation practices for UL prosthesis users.

Rights

© The Author

Is Part Of

VCU University Archives

Is Part Of

VCU Theses and Dissertations

Date of Submission

8-14-2024

Available for download on Thursday, August 14, 2025

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