Defense Date

2024

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science

Department

Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering

First Advisor

Braden Goddard

Second Advisor

Reza Mohammadi

Abstract

Chromium-coated Zircaloy-4 cladding represents a novel solution for creating nuclear cladding that has passive safety features. This and related developments aimed at improving nuclear safety are broadly categorized as accident-tolerant fuel and cladding. However, implementing this material presents practical challenges such as the vulnerability that cladding has to surface damage such as fretting wear. This research aims to determine if the pre-existing technique of X-ray fluorescence analysis is applicable for detecting these defects on the surface of the cladding. This was done by developing Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport models of a handheld device, the XL-5, alongside experimental measurements using this equipment. The model was used to simulate a 100 μm deep axial scratch on the cladding surface and determine if this leads to a statistically significant change in photopeak counts (defined as >3σ). The results of the verified model did indicate this level of certainty in the deviation, but experimental measurements performed using the XL-5 were less favorable. The chromium photopeak was effectively unchanged, with a change in photopeak counts of -10 (3σ = 96.3). The zirconium photopeaks showed better results, however they do not meet the threshold for statistical significance that was defined with a change in counts of 273.4 (3σ = 377.7). This indicates that zirconium deviations may be viable for detecting a surface defect of 100 μm deep in theory, but lack the reliability needed to be used in practice due to a lack of certainty. Notable concessions would need to be made to remedy this, such as increasing the detection time significantly.

Rights

© James T. Cahill

Is Part Of

VCU University Archives

Is Part Of

VCU Theses and Dissertations

Date of Submission

8-22-2024

Available for download on Saturday, August 22, 2026

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