Document Type
Article
Original Publication Date
2008
Journal/Book/Conference Title
The Biophysical Journal
Volume
95
Issue
10
First Page
4676
Last Page
4688
DOI of Original Publication
10.1529/biophysj.107.125088
Date of Submission
February 2015
Abstract
Abstract
Individual mouse pancreatic islets exhibit oscillations in [Ca2+]i and insulin secretion in response to glucose in vitro, but how the oscillations of a million islets are coordinated within the human pancreas in vivo is unclear. Islet to islet synchronization is necessary, however, for the pancreas to produce regular pulses of insulin. To determine whether neurohormone release within the pancreas might play a role in coordinating islet activity, [Ca2+]i changes in 4–6 isolated mouse islets were simultaneously monitored before and after a transient pulse of a putative synchronizing agent. The degree of synchronicity was quantified using a novel analytical approach that yields a parameter that we call the “Synchronization Index”. Individual islets exhibited [Ca2+]i oscillations with periods of 3–6 min, but were not synchronized under control conditions. However, raising islet [Ca2+]i with a brief application of the cholinergic agonist carbachol (25 μM) or elevated KCl in glucose-containing saline rapidly synchronized islet [Ca2+]i oscillations for ≥30 min, long after the synchronizing agent was removed. In contrast, the adrenergic agonists clonidine or norepinephrine, and the KATP channel inhibitor tolbutamide, failed to synchronize islets. Partial synchronization was observed, however, with the KATP channel opener diazoxide. The synchronizing action of carbachol depended on the glucose concentration used, suggesting that glucose metabolism was necessary for synchronization to occur. To understand how transiently perturbing islet [Ca2+]i produced sustained synchronization, we used a mathematical model of islet oscillations in which complex oscillatory behavior results from the interaction between a fast electrical subsystem and a slower metabolic oscillator. Transient synchronization simulated by the model was mediated by resetting of the islet oscillators to a similar initial phase followed by transient “ringing” behavior, during which the model islets oscillated with a similar frequency. These results suggest that neurohormone release from intrapancreatic neurons could help synchronize islets in situ. Defects in this coordinating mechanism could contribute to the disrupted insulin secretion observed in Type 2 diabetes.
Rights
From The Biophysical Journal, Zhang, M., Fendler, B., Peercy, B., et al., Long Lasting Synchronization of Calcium Oscillations by Cholinergic Stimulation in Isolated Pancreatic Islets, Vol. 95, Page 4676. Copyright © 2008 The Biophysical Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. Reprinted with permission.
Is Part Of
VCU Pharmacology and Toxicology Publications
Comments
Originally published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1529/biophysj.107.125088
Under an Elsevier user license