Document Type

Article

Original Publication Date

2016

Journal/Book/Conference Title

Neurotoxicology and Teratology

Volume

56

First Page

81

Last Page

86

DOI of Original Publication

10.1016/j.ntt.2016.05.002

Comments

Originally published at http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ntt.2016.05.002.

Date of Submission

October 2016

Abstract

Organophosphate (OP) compounds which include nerve agents and pesticides are considered chemical threat agents. Currently approved antidotes are crucial in limiting OP mediated acute mortality. However, survivors of lethal OP exposure exhibit delayed neuronal injury and chronic behavioral morbidities. In this study, we investigated neuroprotective capabilities of dantrolene and carisbamate in a rat survival model of paraoxon (POX) induced status epilepticus (SE). Significant elevations in hippocampal calcium levels were observed 48-h post POX SE survival, and treatment with dantrolene (10 mg/kg, i.m.) and carisbamate (90 mg/kg, i.m.) lowered these protracted calcium elevations. POX SE induced delayed neuronal injury as characterized by Fluoro Jade C labeling was observed in critical brain areas including the dentate gyrus, parietal cortex, amygdala, and thalamus. Dantrolene and carisbamate treatment provided significant neuroprotection against delayed neuronal damage in these brain regions when administered one-hour after POX-SE. These results indicate that dantrolene or carisbamate could be effective adjuvant therapies to the existing countermeasures to reduce neuronal injury and behavioral morbidities post OP SE survival.

Rights

Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Is Part Of

VCU Neurology Publications

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